#James Webb Space Telescope, 21st Century Space Break Through
By Dr.Hayam Qayyoum
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) after Hubble is a 21st Century space break through to a new world of discoveries. JWST will carry out important scientific studies. JWST, which means “big science”, first appeared before mankind in the 1960s. Since then, the Hubble space telescope and other similar astronomical satellites have taken part in hundreds or thousands of research projects. The NASA Hubble Space Telescope is located on an island in Hawaii. It can be seen from the United States mainland through a low viewing sky and can be seen with the naked eye, although there is no night sky in space, neither the moon nor any stars. Astronomers can observe this satellite, called HST, which serves as our headquarters for all of the Hubble projects.
The mission JWST is part of our next-generation vision to develop technologies that enable us to study the universe at unprecedented depths and reveal new aspects of the nature of the universe at ever greater scale. To accomplish this task, we have assembled a team of nearly 200 scientists and engineers from around the globe, including several of the most productive students of JPL.’s astronomy department. Together, these experts are making critical discoveries about the entire cosmos.
After the initial three years of operation at JWST, astronomers on JWST can see into the dark and study the Universe in much more detail. It is one of four spacecraft being built for interplanetary missions under NASA’s “New Frontiers Program. ” A number of other NASA missions are also expected to fly on JWST, such as the Ultralight, Light Years and Pathfinder missions. These missions will all use large telescopes to survey the observable Universe. Although no specific name has been applied to either program, they are known as New Frontiers missions.” This one was originally designed for weathering on the surface of the Moon and became the first mission to orbit the Sun. People thought NASA would never make another radio telescope because it seemed like too expensive. However, since 1980, astronomers began using a lot of money for other purposes.
In 1977, President Jimmy Carter asked to build a small instrument called the Green Bank Astrometer; this device would help provide reliable information to astronomers. Unfortunately, it could not withstand the extreme conditions of lunar life; only two percent of time of the year could be used for working. So, NASA turned to Goddard, where they had chosen to construct the Green Bank Solar Probe. They called it the James Webb. NASA wanted to measure the properties of cosmic rays but couldn’t because they needed something that could withstand the radiation. They finally got enough data from their instruments and decided to build a rocket booster and attach a tiny antenna to it. With some adjustments, James Webb turned out to be the best radio telescope ever made.
There are still five years left of operating the Hubble, but once again, JWST will try to answer questions that cannot be answered by Hubble. The goal is to take advantage of this opportunity and explore more of the great unknowns in space to better understand our place in the whole cosmos. One of those mysteries will be finding evidence for extraterrestrial intelligence, who may be hiding among the galaxies.
At present, all galaxies are thought to contain billions of planets and moons. There are probably at least as many moons orbiting the Milky Way galaxy as there are planets in orbit around the sun. Although some places on the earth are thought to have even larger numbers of planets and moons, astronomers are unsure if there are extraterrestrial civilizations. Most scientists think there is no reason to believe there must be other intelligent life as well. Astronomers are always looking for alien things in space because they can tell us how galaxies are dying and why many of them are merging. Some of them are bigger than others, so we will need new tools to find them. Such things can never really be seen without telescopes. As time goes on, JWST can continue to collect more and gather more evidence in the search for extraterrestrial life and life on other worlds. So far, it has found a few different planets, like Mars and Venus, but none of them are suitable for human habitation. Until recently, no one could confirm whether a certain species of intelligent aliens existed. It would seem they are everywhere in our solar system, but still, nothing has ever seen anything like the amount or size of their population that they are.
